Acne scarring

Hyperpigmentation (Dark Marks):
Post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation occurs when inflammation from an acne lesion triggers melanocytes—your pigment-producing cells—to release excess melanin. This extra pigment rises to the surface of the skin, leaving behind brown or dark spots even after the breakout has healed.

Post-Inflammatory Erythema (Red Marks):
Post-inflammatory erythema is caused by dilated or damaged capillaries that sit close to the surface of the skin. When acne triggers inflammation, these tiny blood vessels widen or remain irritated, leaving behind persistent red or pink marks.

Textural Scarring (Indentations & Bumps):
Textural acne scars form when inflammation disrupts the skin’s normal healing process, damaging collagen and elastin. As the skin repairs itself, it can create either too little collagen (causing indentations like icepick, boxcar, or rolling scars) or too much collagen (causing raised scars).